Chamath Palihapitiya on the growth principles that got Facebook to billions of users
“The most important thing we did was I teased out virality, and said, ‘You cannot do it. Don’t talk about it. Don’t touch it. I don’t want you to give me any product plans that revolve around this idea of virality. I don’t want to hear it.”
Instead, Chamath urged the growth team at Facebook to focus on “the three most difficult and hard problems that any consumer product has to deal with”:
1. How do you get people in the front door?
2. How do you get them to an aha moment as quickly as possible?
3. How do you deliver core product value as often as possible?
Chamath warns that focusing on virality is why you see so many startups experience this amazingly steep rise and then fall off a cliff.
The second thing he set out to do at Facebook was invalidate all of the lore:
“In any given product, there’s always people who strut out around the office like, ‘I have this gut feeling.’ It’s all about gut feeling. And most people’s gut feelings are morons. They don’t know what they’re talking about. Gut feel is not useful because most people can’t predict correctly. We know this. So one of the most important things that we did was just invalidate all of the lore… You can’t believe your own BS. Because when you do, you start to compound these massively structural mistakes that don’t expose core product value… You don’t listen to customers because you think it’s all about your gut. You don’t bother doing any of the traditional, straightforward, obvious things, and you lose yourself.”
As Chamath explains, a maniacal focus on delivering core product value as frequently and fast as possible is what led Facebook to its most important realization:
“The single biggest thing we realized was to get any individual to 7 friends in 10 days. That was it… There was not much more complexity than that. There’s an entire team now of hundreds of people that have helped ramp this product to a billion users, based on that one simple rule — a very elegant statement of what it was to capture core product value… And then what we did at the company was talk about nothing else. Every Q&A. Every all-hands… It was the single, sole focus.”
He continues:
“You have to work backwards from: What is the thing that people are here to do? What is the ‘aha moment’ that they want? Why can I not give that to them as fast as possible? That’s how you win.”
Chamath recommends starting with a cohort of your most engaged users — What features are they using? What pathways in your product did they take? Then work backwards and try to get all of your other users to that same state.
always optimize for momentum
the simplified formula for momentum in physics is p = mv
mass x velocity
a large company has mass and can get by with little velocity
a startup has little mass and must make up for it by moving faster in a specific direction
Has Uber ever once pitched themselves as a decentralized transportation service?
No.
They pitch themselves as better than cabs
For a while Uber’s were cheaper than cabs, but that was unsustainable
In time, they increased prices and takerates to become more profitable
That only worked because retention was high due to the core product pitch and ability to follow through on that promise
Drop the tech idealism, drop the jargon, understand your progression from growth to sustainability, and deliver on your promises
True consumer surplus offerings powered by crypto & correct incentives: eg one-click credit, automatic yield on anything your money touches, & lower fees anytime you move your money across borders (these projects are moving different than rest of market imo, unfazed)
Just got out of a meeting where we discussed moving $500M-$1B in monthly cross-border flows to stables.
Stablecoins are a going to vampire liquidity from the correspondent banking system. 100x improvement.
The efficiency gains in capital markets are going to be glorious.
Keith Rabois tells the story of Elon Musk observing interns waiting in line for coffee at SpaceX
Keith is asked how Elon Musk gets so much done, to which he replies:
“If you approach every day and every week of your life with the question, ‘What did you accomplish this week?’ I think that compounds, and very few people do that. I think that’s the number one ingredient.”
As for the second ingredient, Keith tells a story he heard from some friends at SpaceX where Elon observed a line of interns piling up around the coffee machine. This prompted Elon to send a memo to the company asking:
“Why are all the interns wasting all this time? If you feel like you have nothing better to do than waiting in line, you’re at the wrong company. And by the way, I’m installing cameras to make sure that we don’t have lines at the coffee shop.”
Keith believes that stamping out entitlement and expecting people to accomplish things every day also compounds over decades in Elon’s career. He recalls a principle PayPal cofounder Max Levchin taught him where he compares startups to gas in chemistry:
“Gas expands to the size of the container… If you tell people they have a month, it’ll take a month. If you tell people it takes two weeks, it’ll take two weeks. Tell them a week, it’ll take a week. So you want to constantly compress the container size because those accomplishments add up over months, quarters, years, and decades.”
Video source: @imchrisvasquez (2024)
Innovation is art - it can’t be scaled.
Scaling a team creates a hierarchy to reduce coordination costs.
Hierarchy introduces the Principal-Agent problem.
Agents optimize for status and cohesion over correctness.
Going from zero to one requires a founder-led flat team.
Netflix founder Reed Hasting explains the "keeper test":
“If a person on your team were to quit tomorrow, would you try to change their mind? Or would you accept their resignation, perhaps with a little relief? If the latter, you should give them a severance package now, and look for a star, someone you would fight to keep.”
Sam Walton's retail empire was built using a 'saturation strategy' that competitors completely missed until it was too late. In his book 'Sam Walton - Made in America,' he reveals the geographical chess game that transformed Walmart:
Before AI, we lied to ourselves…
We praised effort. We worshipped process. We filled calendars with meetings and called it momentum.
We did “research” by opening a dozen tabs and waiting for inspiration. We stitched together slides and labeled it analysis. Most of it was synthesis theater. Pretty decks, no real insight.
Feedback was late. Decisions dragged. Information was stale. Everyone smiled during reviews. No one said what needed to be said.
The tools were passive. The work was static. We scaled by adding humans, not by compounding learning.
Then AI arrived. And the excuses collapsed.
You can generate five strategies in five seconds.
You can test, analyze, and rework a launch before your team finishes their morning coffee.
You can learn in real time. Not next month. Not in the QBR. Now.
The bottleneck is no longer capability.
It’s clarity.
It’s courage.
It’s whether your team can loop faster than the market shifts.
AI shrinks the gap between input and action.
Between error and feedback.
Between knowing and doing.
So what’s your excuse now?
If your team still moves at calendar speed, don’t blame the tech.
Blame the systems that never changed.
Blame the manager still writing reports instead of making calls.
Blame the process built for comfort instead of clarity.
The future of work isn’t coming. It’s already compounding.
You’re either designing the feedback loop. Or you’re trapped inside someone else’s.
Jeff Bezos explains Amazon’s process for expanding into new products like Kindle and AWS
“I would definitely advise a small startup company to be as narrow and as focused as is possible to be. If you look at the original Amazon business plan, there was no hint of anything other than books in it… I wanted to build an online bookstore, and that was it.”
But the online bookstore worked better than they thought it would. So Amazon launched music, and that worked better than they thought. Then video, and that worked too. So Jeff sent an email to customers:
“I picked about 1,000 customers and I said, besides the things we sell today - books, music, and video - what would you like to see us sell? And the list came back incredibly long-tailed… So it’s been kind of one foot in front of the other.”
As Jeff explains, Amazon expands into new businesses in two ways:
“One is from a customer need. We will work from a customer need to the skills that we need. And the other one is skills forward: from a skillset we have to a new set of customers.”
Kindle is an example of a customer need - Amazon had no hardware team at the time, but to make sure they didn’t miss the transition to ebooks, they built one.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is an example of skills-forward:
“We had probably more distributed computing expertise than anybody else in the world because of transactions. Transaction systems are so complicated and hard to build, and we had a service-oriented architecture of great complexity - probably before anybody else. Because we were doing that, we could see the future a little bit and decided to build AWS, which has turned into a huge business in its own right.”
Jeff concludes:
“Business is very situational. Rules of thumb are good, but they have to be applied to the right situation. Sometimes the old maxim that you should stick to the knitting is correct, but sometimes it’s wrong. And a senior leader’s job is to figure out: Which situation are you in?”
Video source: @BusinessInsider (2014)
I don't think people are fully appreciating the impact of stablecoins.
It's not just about cheaper, faster transactions –– it's about fundamentally reducing the friction of sharing value globally.
By enabling humans (and eventually AI agents) to coordinate more effectivley across global borders, stablecoins will eliminate deadweight loss and unlock trillions in GDP.
if you want more out of your career, READ this:
the old path was linear: school → job → savings → retirement.
the new path is convergent: skills + assets + audience → optionality.
we keep applying industrial-age career advice to an AI-powered economy, and it's causing millions to live unhappy professional lives.
i think the most valuable people today they're the convergence players building three things simultaneously:
1/ skills: vibe coding, vibe marketing etc. UNDERSTAND THE TOOLS (replit, v0, chatgpt etc) like a wizard. not just content creation, but AI-human collaboration. not just management, but community orchestration.
2/ assets: digital products, content libraries, data moats, and micro-SaaS tools that generate income while you sleep and appreciate over time.
3/ audience: direct relationships with people who trust you, bypassing platforms, institutions, and algorithms.
the magic happens at the intersection. your audience adopts your assets. your assets showcase your skills. your skills attract your audience.
this is why the designer with 50,000 X followers can launch a $500K product with a single tweet while the better designer sends out desperate job applications.
this is why the developer with 3 tiny SaaS products making $2K/month each has more leverage than the senior engineer earning $250K at google.
this is why the writer building an email list while ghostwriting for executives has more security than the career journalist.
the system isn't designed to teach this approach.
universities, HR departments, and even venture capital still operate on linear achievement metrics.
they want to know where you went to school, where you worked, or how fast you're growing in a single dimension.
BUT THIS IS WHAT FIRES ME UP
the opportunity has never been greater for those who see it.
the tools to build skills, create assets, and grow an audience are more accessible than at any point in history.
The future is bright.
If you were to build our global financial rails from scratch you’d optimize for five things — (1) global (2) cheap (3) fast (4) open and (5) programmable.
Irrespective of ideology, stablecoins are the optimal first-principles reconstruction of our global financial system.
Stablecoins: Payments Without Intermediaries
The internet made information free and global. So why is it still so hard — and expensive — to move money?
The early internet promised a future where anyone could publish, build, or transact without permission. Protocols like email
Avoid these 9 mistakes 👇
1. Losing sight of dreams and falling into work for work’s sake (W4W).
2. Micromanaging and e-mailing to fill time. Set the responsibilities, problem scenarios and rules, and limits of autonomous decision-making—then stop, for the sanity of everyone involved.
3. Working where you live, sleep, or should relax. Separate your environments—designate a single space for work and solely work—or you will never be able to escape it.
4. Not performing a thorough 80/20 analysis every two to four weeks for your business and personal life.
5. Striving for endless perfection rather than great or simply good enough, whether in your personal or professional life. Recognize that this is often just another W4W excuse. Most endeavors are like learning to speak a foreign language: to be correct 95% of the time requires six months of concentrated effort, whereas to be correct 98% of the time requires 20–30 years. Focus on great for a few things and good enough for the rest. Perfection is a good ideal and direction to have, but recognize it for what it is: an impossible destination.
6. Blowing minutiae and small problems out of proportion as an excuse to work.
7. Making non-time-sensitive issues urgent in order to justify work. Focus on life outside of your bank accounts, as scary as that void can be in the initial stages. If you cannot find meaning in your life, it is your responsibility as a human being to create it, whether that is fulfilling dreams or finding work that gives you purpose and self-worth—ideally a combination of both.
8. Viewing one product, job, or project as the end-all and be-all of your existence. Life is too short to waste, but it is also too long to be a pessimist or nihilist. Whatever you’re doing now is just a stepping-stone to the next project or adventure. Any rut you get into is one you can get yourself out of. Doubts are no more than a signal for action of some type. When in doubt or overwhelmed, take a break and 80/20 both business and personal activities and relationships.
9. Ignoring the social rewards of life. Surround yourself with smiling, positive people who have absolutely nothing to do with work. Happiness shared in the form of friendships and love is happiness multiplied.
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