A narrative review published in PCC synthesizes 30 core studies on the diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment of catatonia.
Benzodiazepines, particularly lorazepam, remain first-line therapy, with response rates ranging from 66 to 100 percent across systematic reviews and cohort studies. Electroconvulsive therapy shows response rates approaching 80 to 100 percent in severe or refractory cases. Zolpidem, a second-line option with case-based evidence, shows roughly 80 percent positive response, though the authors note the evidence remains low level.
Catatonia affects an estimated 4 to 5 people per 100,000 in the general population, but prevalence reaches approximately 9 percent among psychiatric inpatients and roughly 10 percent in autism spectrum disorder. The authors state that most supporting evidence comes from observational studies, case series, and expert consensus rather than randomized trials, and that diagnosis requires 3 or more characteristic signs plus a Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale score of 3 or higher.
Read the full article → psychiatrist.com/pcc/clinical-r…#Catatonia#Psychiatry#ClinicalRecognition#PCC#NarrativeReview
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